Russell Ratcliff
Explanation of Rock Mosaic Artwork
The idea of combining various rock types to form artwork has been with me since the late 1980’s and in 1995 I began developing the techniques to create rock mosaics. I later read that the Italians have been doing it since the 1500’s but the practice is very limited today.
My process begins by sawing rocks into slabs ¼ inch thick or less. The slabs, or appropriate portions of them, are carefully chosen and re-cut into the shape and size needed. The pieces are then arranged and epoxied or mortared to tile-board. The whole piece is then ground smooth to remove any bumps or sawmarks. Although part of the process is similar to stained glass and tile mosaics, the appearance differs in part because the joints are not readily visible. Sometimes the joints are enhanced or enlarged and grouted, depending on the desired effect.
Once the surface is ground smooth, a very thin coat of varnish is applied, or the piece is polished. Although the Italians have always polished their rock mosaics, the varnish allows me to use rocks that can’t be polished and also provides a matte or semi-gloss finish that makes the work viewable in various lighting conditions. The artworks can be dusted or washed with a clean cotton cloth, dry or damp, and/or with mild soap or furniture polish. Alcohol or ammonia based cleaners should not be used.
The rocks I use are obtained from collecting or purchasing. The geology in Montana provides me with an excellent variety or rock types. I can get anything from the high temperature and pressure rocks of the Stillwater complex, to the environmentally opposite, sandstone. Many of the rocks I use are not found in Montana or their access has been restricted. Most agates, petrified wood, tiger iron, malachite and other exotics are purchased through rock shops or individuals.
My equipment for working with the rocks includes: two-36 inch slab saws (36 referring to the diameter of the saw blade), 24, 18, and 16 inch slab saws, trim saws, band saw and various grinding tools. All the equipment uses diamond abrasives.
In the twelve plus years I’ve been workingt with the rocks I have learned many valuable lessons about the rocks, equipment, coatings, epoxies, mortars, grouts and my own craftsmanship. I am very comfortable knowing the artwork I create will be around for many generations to enjoy.
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